Thyroid Gland Diseases – Diagnosis and Treatment at German Clinic Marbella The thyroid gland – a small organ with a big impact The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of the neck, below the larynx. It produces essential hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and many bodily functions. How does the thyroid work? The hormones produced by the thyroid, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), influence key processes in the body. The production of hormones is regulated by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from the pituitary gland. An imbalance can cause health problems. Typical symptoms of a thyroid disease Thyroid disorders can manifest themselves with various symptoms: Hyperthyroidism: Nervousness, weight loss, tachycardia, excessive sweating, tremors, diarrhea. Hypothyroidism: Fatigue, weight gain, sensitivity to cold, dry skin, concentration problems. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: Chronic inflammation of the thyroid, frequently associated with fatigue and depressive states. Thyroid nodules: They may be benign or malignant and

Stress axis disorder: causes, diagnosis and treatment Stress axis disorder is a hormonal dysfunction caused by a defective regulation of the so-called hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HHA axis). This dysregulation can have far-reaching effects on the entire body and psyche. At German Clinic Marbella, we have an experienced team of endocrinologists, psychotherapists and specialists for the diagnosis and treatment of this complex disease. Causes of stress axis disorder A dysfunction of the HHA axis can be caused by several factors, including: Chronic stress and persistent psychological burdens Traumatic experiences (e.g., accidents, serious illness or emotional trauma) Hormonal disorders, especially thyroid problems and pituitary insufficiency Prolonged over- or underproduction of cortisol or adrenalin Lack of sleep, poor diet and an unhealthy lifestyle Diagnosis of stress axis disorder The diagnosis of stress axis disorder is made through a detailed hormone analysis, usually performed by an endocrinologist. Some of the most commonly used methods include:

Colonoscopy is a fundamental test in the diagnosis and prevention of diseases of the digestive tract, especially colon cancer, one of the most frequent in Europe. However, many people still avoid it out of fear, misinformation or discomfort.

Obesity – Causes, Consequences and Treatment Options Obesity, also known as adiposity, is a chronic disease characterized by an excessively high body weight due to an excessive accumulation of fat. Given its constant increase, nowadays it is considered one of the biggest health challenges worldwide, also in Spain. German Clinic Marbella offers a complete range of diagnostics and treatments to combat obesity. What is obesity? The medical definition of obesity is based on the so-called body mass index (BMI), which describes the ratio of body weight to height: BMI of 25 – 29,9: Overweight BMI of 30 – 34.9: Obesity grade 1 BMI of 35 – 39.9: Obesity grade 2 BMI over 40: Obesity grade 3 (severe obesity). How does obesity develop? Obesity develops over the long term as a result of an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. When more calories are regularly consumed than are burned, the

At German Clinic Marbella, we understand that what you eat is just as important as any medical treatment. Our Endocrinology and Nutritional Counseling unit, led by Dr. Paloma Gil, combines endocrinology with personalized nutrition plans to help you achieve complete wellbeing.

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis – Causes, Symptoms and Treatment What is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis? Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland. The immune system mistakenly attacks thyroid tissue, which in the long term can lead to hypothyroidism. The disease can develop slowly and is often detected in advanced stages. Causes and risk factors The exact causes of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis are not yet fully understood, but there are several factors that may increase the risk: Genetic predisposition: First-degree relatives are at higher risk. Hormonal changes: Hashimoto’s is more common during pregnancy or menopause. Iodine imbalance: Both iodine deficiency and iodine excess can influence the development of the disease. Stress and environmental factors: Chronic stress can affect the immune system and enhance autoimmune processes. Symptoms of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis Symptoms can go unnoticed for years and vary from person to person. Some of the most common symptoms include: Fatigue and exhaustion

Endocrinology in Marbella at IMED German Clinic focuses on the study and treatment of endocrine glands and hormones, which regulate vital processes such as metabolism, fertility, growth, and energy balance.